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On the Proofs for the Existence of God of Saint Thomas Aquinas

The Five Ways of Proving that God Exists -- Summa Theologiae Ia, q. 2, a. 3.
(See also Aquinas' other discussions of God's existence and his Natural Theology).

Explanations/Analysis of the Five Ways: (arranged in ascending order of detail and sophistication)

• Aquinas' and Anselm's Arguments for the Existence of God in Syllogistic Form -- by Robert J. Schihl, Ph. D.
• Explanation of the Five Ways -- by Patricia Weiss
• Aquinas' Five Ways -- by Stephen A. Richards (includes videos (e.g. of cooked chicken) to illustrate the proofs.)
• Problems of the First Cause by Fr. William Most, from the electronic library of EWTN.
• Philosophical Proofs on the Existence of God -- by S. M. Miranda
• Explanation of the First Way -- by Philip A. Pecorino.  Also includes other cosmological arguments and objections, especially in the light of Big Bang cosmology.
• An Examination of Thomas Aquinas' Cosmological Arguments as found in the Five Ways -- by Scott David Foutz
• To Follow the Second Way of Aquinas -- by David McGraw. An explanation of the proof from efficient causality (dynamic punch) and a defense of identifying the First Cause with God. Also includes an impressive list of links to relevant resources on the internet.
• Five Proofs of God -- by Joseph E. Barrett: being "Excerpts lifted from Thomas Aquinas: God and Explanations by Professor Christopher F J Martin."

Analysis of Thomistic Proofs in General:

• St. Thomas and Big Bang Cosmology -- by William Carroll
• Can the Existence of God Be Known by Reason? -- by James Arraj
• On the Existence of God -- from Lux Veritatis

Criticisms of Aquinas:

• The Cosmological Argument, by Gordon H. Clark. Challenges the claim that the Five Ways are demonstrative, and not merely probable.
• The Resurrection of Thomism, by Doug Erlandson. Claims the principle "nothing comes from nothing" is circular and question begging.
  • Reply to Erlandson, by Joseph Magee.
• Mistakes of Aquinas (no longer available)
  • Refutation of the so-called "Mistakes of Aquinas" by Apolonio Latar (contains most, if not all, of the original "Mistakes").
• Internal and External Causal Explanations of the Universe (1995) by Quentin Smith

See also "Why the Burden of Proof is on the Atheist," by Ralph McInerny.

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